Ethanol production from sweet sorghum juice under very high gravity conditions: Batch, repeated-batch and scale up fermentation

Abstract

Batch ethanol fermentations from sweet sorghum juice by Saccharomyces cerevisiae NP 01 were carried out in a 500 ml air-locked Erlenmeyer flask under very high gravity (VHG) and static conditions. The maximum ethanol production efficiency was obtained when 9 g l^-1 of yeast extract was supplemented to the juice. The ethanol concentration (P), productivity (Q_p) and yield (Y_p/s) were 120.24 ± 1.35 g l^-1, 3.01 ± 0.08 g l^-1 h^-1 and 0.49 ± 0.01, respectively. Scale up ethanol fermentation in a 5-litre bioreactor at an agitation rate of 100 rev min^-1 revealed that P, Q_p and Y_p/s were 139.51 ± 0.11 g l^-1, 3.49 ± 0.00 g l^-1 h^-1 and 0.49 ± 0.01, respectively, whereas lower P (119.53 ± 0.20 g l^-1) and Q_p (2.13 ± 0.01 g l^-1 h^-1) were obtained in a 50-litre bioreactor. In the repeated-batch fermentation in the 5-litre bioreactor with fill and drain volume of 50% of the working volume, lower P and Q_p were observed in the subsequent batches. P in batch 2 to 8 ranged from 103.37 ± 0.28 to 109.53 ± 1.06 g l^-1.